2 more scripts to help with it?

2021-03-18 11:06:08 +01:00
parent e084c5cc11
commit 1767de2a63
2 changed files with 314 additions and 0 deletions
--- a/build_rpi_sdcard.sh
+++ b/build_rpi_sdcard.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# build your own Raspberry Pi SD card
+#
+# by Klaus M Pfeiffer, http://blog.kmp.or.at/ , 2012-06-24
+
+# 2012-06-24
+#	just checking for how partitions are called on the system (thanks to Ricky Birtles and Luke Wilkinson)
+#	using http.debian.net as debian mirror, see http://rgeissert.blogspot.co.at/2012/06/introducing-httpdebiannet-debians.html
+#	tested successfully in debian squeeze and wheezy VirtualBox
+#	added hint for lvm2
+#	added debconf-set-selections for kezboard
+#	corrected bug in writing to etc/modules
+# 2012-06-16
+#	improoved handling of local debian mirror
+#	added hint for dosfstools (thanks to Mike)
+#	added vchiq & snd_bcm2835 to /etc/modules (thanks to Tony Jones)
+#	take the value fdisk suggests for the boot partition to start (thanks to Mike)
+# 2012-06-02
+#       improoved to directly generate an image file with the help of kpartx
+#	added deb_local_mirror for generating images with correct sources.list
+# 2012-05-27
+#	workaround for https://github.com/Hexxeh/rpi-update/issues/4 just touching /boot/start.elf before running rpi-update
+# 2012-05-20
+#	back to wheezy, http://bugs.debian.org/672851 solved, http://packages.qa.debian.org/i/ifupdown/news/20120519T163909Z.html
+# 2012-05-19
+#	stage3: remove eth* from /lib/udev/rules.d/75-persistent-net-generator.rules
+#	initial
+
+# you need at least
+# apt-get install binfmt-support qemu qemu-user-static debootstrap kpartx lvm2 dosfstools
+
+deb_mirror="http://http.debian.net/debian"
+#deb_local_mirror="http://debian.kmp.or.at:3142/debian"
+
+bootsize="64M"
+deb_release="wheezy"
+
+device=$1
+buildenv="/root/rpi"
+rootfs="${buildenv}/rootfs"
+bootfs="${rootfs}/boot"
+
+mydate=`date +%Y%m%d`
+
+if [ "$deb_local_mirror" == "" ]; then
+  deb_local_mirror=$deb_mirror  
+fi
+
+image=""
+
+
+if [ $EUID -ne 0 ]; then
+  echo "this tool must be run as root"
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+if ! [ -b $device ]; then
+  echo "$device is not a block device"
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+if [ "$device" == "" ]; then
+  echo "no block device given, just creating an image"
+  mkdir -p $buildenv
+  image="${buildenv}/rpi_basic_${deb_release}_${mydate}.img"
+  dd if=/dev/zero of=$image bs=1MB count=1000
+  device=`losetup -f --show $image`
+  echo "image $image created and mounted as $device"
+else
+  dd if=/dev/zero of=$device bs=512 count=1
+fi
+
+fdisk $device << EOF
+n
+p
+1
+
+$bootsize
+t
+c
+n
+p
+2
+
+
+w
+EOF
+
+
+if [ "$image" != "" ]; then
+  losetup -d $device
+  device=`kpartx -va $image | sed -E 's/.*(loop[0-9])p.*/\1/g' | head -1`
+  device="/dev/mapper/${device}"
+  bootp=${device}p1
+  rootp=${device}p2
+else
+  if ! [ -b ${device}1 ]; then
+    bootp=${device}p1
+    rootp=${device}p2
+    if ! [ -b ${bootp} ]; then
+      echo "uh, oh, something went wrong, can't find bootpartition neither as ${device}1 nor as ${device}p1, exiting."
+      exit 1
+    fi
+  else
+    bootp=${device}1
+    rootp=${device}2
+  fi  
+fi
+
+mkfs.vfat $bootp
+mkfs.ext4 $rootp
+
+mkdir -p $rootfs
+
+mount $rootp $rootfs
+
+cd $rootfs
+
+debootstrap --foreign --arch armel $deb_release $rootfs $deb_local_mirror
+cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static usr/bin/
+LANG=C chroot $rootfs /debootstrap/debootstrap --second-stage
+
+mount $bootp $bootfs
+
+echo "deb $deb_local_mirror $deb_release main contrib non-free
+" > etc/apt/sources.list
+
+echo "dwc_otg.lpm_enable=0 console=ttyAMA0,115200 kgdboc=ttyAMA0,115200 console=tty1 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootfstype=ext4 rootwait" > boot/cmdline.txt
+
+echo "proc            /proc           proc    defaults        0       0
+/dev/mmcblk0p1  /boot           vfat    defaults        0       0
+" > etc/fstab
+
+echo "raspberrypi" > etc/hostname
+
+echo "auto lo
+iface lo inet loopback
+
+auto eth0
+iface eth0 inet dhcp
+" > etc/network/interfaces
+
+echo "vchiq
+snd_bcm2835
+" >> etc/modules
+
+echo "console-common	console-data/keymap/policy	select	Select keymap from full list
+console-common	console-data/keymap/full	select	de-latin1-nodeadkeys
+" > debconf.set
+
+echo "#!/bin/bash
+debconf-set-selections /debconf.set
+rm -f /debconf.set
+apt-get update 
+apt-get -y install git-core binutils ca-certificates
+wget http://goo.gl/1BOfJ -O /usr/bin/rpi-update
+chmod +x /usr/bin/rpi-update
+mkdir -p /lib/modules/3.1.9+
+touch /boot/start.elf
+rpi-update
+apt-get -y install locales console-common ntp openssh-server less vim
+echo \"root:raspberry\" | chpasswd
+sed -i -e 's/KERNEL\!=\"eth\*|/KERNEL\!=\"/' /lib/udev/rules.d/75-persistent-net-generator.rules
+rm -f /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
+rm -f third-stage
+" > third-stage
+chmod +x third-stage
+LANG=C chroot $rootfs /third-stage
+
+echo "deb $deb_mirror $deb_release main contrib non-free
+" > etc/apt/sources.list
+
+echo "#!/bin/bash
+aptitude update
+aptitude clean
+apt-get clean
+rm -f cleanup
+" > cleanup
+chmod +x cleanup
+LANG=C chroot $rootfs /cleanup
+
+cd
+
+umount $bootp
+umount $rootp
+
+if [ "$image" != "" ]; then
+  kpartx -d $image
+  echo "created image $image"
+fi
+
+
+echo "done."
+
--- a/overlayRoot.sh
+++ b/overlayRoot.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#  Read-only Root-FS for Raspian using overlayfs
+#  Version 1.0
+#
+#  Created 2017 by Pascal Suter @ DALCO AG, Switzerland to work on Raspian as custom init script
+#  (raspbian does not use an initramfs on boot)
+#
+#  This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+#  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+#  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+#  (at your option) any later version.
+#
+#  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+#  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+#  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+#  GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+#    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+#    along with this program.  If not, see
+#    <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+#
+#  Tested with Raspbian mini, 2017-01-11
+#
+#  This script will mount the root filesystem read-only and overlay it with a temporary tempfs 
+#  which is read-write mounted. This is done using the overlayFS which is part of the linux kernel 
+#  since version 3.18. 
+#  when this script is in use, all changes made to anywhere in the root filesystem mount will be lost 
+#  upon reboot of the system. The SD card will only be accessed as read-only drive, which significantly
+#  helps to prolong its life and prevent filesystem coruption in environments where the system is usually
+#  not shut down properly 
+#
+#  Install: 
+#  copy this script to /sbin/overlayRoot.sh and add "init=/sbin/overlayRoot.sh" to the cmdline.txt 
+#  file in the raspbian image's boot partition. 
+#  I strongly recommend to disable swapping before using this. it will work with swap but that just does 
+#  not make sens as the swap file will be stored in the tempfs which again resides in the ram.
+#  run these commands on the booted raspberry pi BEFORE you set the init=/sbin/overlayRoot.sh boot option:
+#  sudo dphys-swapfile swapoff
+#  sudo dphys-swapfile uninstall
+#  sudo update-rc.d dphys-swapfile remove
+#
+#  To install software, run upgrades and do other changes to the raspberry setup, simply remove the init= 
+#  entry from the cmdline.txt file and reboot, make the changes, add the init= entry and reboot once more. 
+
+fail(){
+	echo -e "$1"
+	/bin/bash
+}
+
+# load module
+modprobe overlay
+if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
+    fail "ERROR: missing overlay kernel module"
+fi
+# mount /proc
+mount -t proc proc /proc
+if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
+    fail "ERROR: could not mount proc"
+fi
+# create a writable fs to then create our mountpoints 
+mount -t tmpfs inittemp /mnt
+if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
+    fail "ERROR: could not create a temporary filesystem to mount the base filesystems for overlayfs"
+fi
+mkdir /mnt/lower
+mkdir /mnt/rw
+mount -t tmpfs root-rw /mnt/rw
+if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
+    fail "ERROR: could not create tempfs for upper filesystem"
+fi
+mkdir /mnt/rw/upper
+mkdir /mnt/rw/work
+mkdir /mnt/newroot
+# mount root filesystem readonly 
+rootDev=/dev/mmcblk0p2
+rootPARTUUID=`awk '$2 == "/" {print $1}' /etc/fstab`
+rootMountOpt=`awk '$2 == "/" {print $4}' /etc/fstab`
+rootFsType=`awk '$2 == "/" {print $3}' /etc/fstab`
+mount -t ${rootFsType} -o ${rootMountOpt},ro ${rootDev} /mnt/lower
+if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
+    fail "ERROR: could not ro-mount original root partition"
+fi
+mount -t overlay -o lowerdir=/mnt/lower,upperdir=/mnt/rw/upper,workdir=/mnt/rw/work overlayfs-root /mnt/newroot
+if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
+    fail "ERROR: could not mount overlayFS"
+fi
+# create mountpoints inside the new root filesystem-overlay
+mkdir /mnt/newroot/ro
+mkdir /mnt/newroot/rw
+# remove root mount from fstab (this is already a non-permanent modification)
+grep -v "$rootPARTUUID" /mnt/lower/etc/fstab > /mnt/newroot/etc/fstab
+echo "#the original root mount has been removed by overlayRoot.sh" >> /mnt/newroot/etc/fstab
+echo "#this is only a temporary modification, the original fstab" >> /mnt/newroot/etc/fstab
+echo "#stored on the disk can be found in /ro/etc/fstab" >> /mnt/newroot/etc/fstab
+# change to the new overlay root
+cd /mnt/newroot
+pivot_root . mnt
+exec chroot . sh -c "$(cat <<END
+# move ro and rw mounts to the new root
+mount --move /mnt/mnt/lower/ /ro
+if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
+    echo "ERROR: could not move ro-root into newroot"
+    /bin/bash
+fi
+mount --move /mnt/mnt/rw /rw
+if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
+    echo "ERROR: could not move tempfs rw mount into newroot"
+    /bin/bash
+fi
+# unmount unneeded mounts so we can unmout the old readonly root
+umount /mnt/mnt
+umount /mnt/proc
+umount /mnt/dev
+umount /mnt
+# continue with regular init
+exec /sbin/init
+END
+)"